The Piri Reis Map is a famous pre-modern world map created by 16th century Ottoman-Turkish admiral and cartographer Piri Reis.
The map shows part of the western coasts of Europe and North Africa with reasonable accuracy, and the coast of Brazil is also easily recognizable.
Various Atlantic islands including the Azores and Canary Islands are depicted, as is the mythical island of Antillia.
The map is noteworthy for its depiction of a southern landmass that some controversially claim is evidence for early awareness of the existence of Antarctica.
Some scholars claim this and other maps support a theory of global exploration by a pre-classical undiscovered civilization. [Source]
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